Frogs and Toads of North America
Recording Descriptions and Sources
Treefrogs & Allies — Hylidae
Hyla — Treefrogs
1. Green Treefrog — Hyla cinerea
• Small chorus. May 8, 1988, 10:30 pm, St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge, Florida. Lang Elliott
• Large chorus. May 2, 1994, before midnight, Wacissa River near Newport, Florida. Lang Elliott
• Interaction with aggressive calls. May 19, 1994, 11:30 pm, Wacissa River, near Newport, Florida. Ted Mack.
2. Barking Treefrog — Hyla gratiosa
• Small chorus. March 23, 1989, 9:10 pm, 62˚F, Ocala National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Large chorus. June 10, 1997, 10 pm, Ocala National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
3. Pine Barrens Treefrog — Hyla andersonii
• Closeup of male. May 10, 1992, 10:30 pm, Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina. Lang Elliott.
• Two males calling. June 10, 1994, 11:55 pm, 70˚F, Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina. Lang Elliott.
4. Squirrel Treefrog — Hyla squirella
• Small chorus; one male close. May 30, 1995, 11:45 pm, 72˚F, 11:45 pm, Appalachicola National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Single male calling. May 1, 1994, 8:15pm, 76˚F, Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Rain call given from shrub. April 30, 1989, 5 am, Tall Timbers Research Station, near Tallahassee, Florida. Lang Elliott.
5. Pine Woods Treefrog — Hyla femoralis
• Two males calling. April 28, 1994, 11 pm, 70˚F, Appalachicola National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Several males calling. June 5, 1994, 12:30 am, 76˚F, Kissimmee Prairie Audubon Refuge, near Basinger, Florida. Lang Elliott.
6. Gray Treefrog — Hyla versicolor
• Small chorus. May 22, 1992, 1 am, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Small chorus. May 18, 1994, 9:30 pm, 78˚F, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliot
• Two males alternating calls. May 7, 2007, 9:54 pm, 66˚F, near Columbia, Missouri. Lang Elliott.
• Interaction with aggressive calls. May 20, 1986, 10:30 pm, Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott
7. Cope’s Gray Treefrog — Hyla chrysoscelis
• Closeup of male. May 14, 2001, 10 pm, 68˚F, Land Between the Lakes, Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
• Closeup of male. May 16, 1988, 8:30 pm, 70˚F, Land Between the Lakes, Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
• Closeup of male. April 26, 1991, 72˚F, Jasper County, South Carolina. Carl Gerhardt.
8. Bird-voiced Treefrog — Hyla avivoca
• Closeup of male then aggressive calls and call of second male. June 10, 2001, 10:30 pm, 75˚F, Appalachicola National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
9. Arizona Treefrog — Hyla wrightorum
• Two males alternating calls; one close. August 8, 2003, 62˚F, near Payson, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
• Two males alternating calls. July 22, 2007, 12:35 am, 62˚F, near Forest Lakes, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
10. CanyonTreefrog — Hyla arenicolor
• Calls of warm males. May 6, 2004, 72˚F, Santa Rita Mountains, near Greaterville, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
• Calls of cool males. 2004, 56˚F, Sierra Anchas Mountains, near Fulton, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
• Aggressive call. May 16, 2005, 68˚F, Diamond Creek, Grand Canyon, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
Pseudacris — Chorus Frogs
11. Spring Peeper — Pseudacris crucifer
• Two males alternating calls. April 13, 1992, 9:30 pm, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Two males calling. April 26, 1994, 11:45 pm, Land Between the Lakes, Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
• Small Chorus. May 14, 1990, 9:30 pm, Shindagin Hollow, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Aggressive calls. April 24, 1990, 9 pm, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Rain calls given from bush. September 15, 1991, 6 pm, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
12. Little Grass Frog — Pseudacris ocularis
• Closeup of calling male. June 1, 1994, 7:30 pm, 78˚F, Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida. Lang Elliott
• Several males calling. May 5, 1994, 12:05 am, 78˚F, Kissimmee Prairie Audubon Refuge, near Basinger, Florida. Lang Elliott.
13. Ornate Chorus Frog — Pseudacris ornata
• Single male calling. March 17, 2001, 10 pm, 53˚F, near Butler, Georgia. Lang Elliott.
• Two males alternating calls. March 17, 2001, 11:45 pm, 51˚F, near Butler, Georgia. Lang Elliott.
• Small chorus. March 21, 2001, 9 pm, 48˚F, Blackwater State Park, near Munson, Florida. Lang Elliott.
14. Strecker’s Chorus Frog — Pseudacris streckeri
• Small chorus. March 30, 2001, 11:30 pm, 51˚F, near Willow City, Texas. Lang Elliott.
15. Midland Chorus Frog — Pseudacris triseriata
• Two males alternating calls. April 26, 2oo8 52˚F, Pigeon Fish and Wildlife Area, near Mongo, Indiana. Emily Moriarty Lemmon.
16. Upland Chorus Frog — Pseudacris feriarum
• Small chorus; one male close. March 14, 2002, 55˚F, Obion County, Tennessee. Emily Moriarty Lemmon.
17. New Jersey Chorus Frog — Pseudacris kalmi
• Two males alernating calls. April 13, 2002, 65˚F, Kent County, Maryland. Emily Moriarty Lemmon.
• Small chorus. February, 2000. Bombay Hook National Wildlife Area, near Smyrna, Delaware. Jim White.
18. Cajun Chorus Frog — Pseudacris fouquettei
• Two males alternating calls. March 22, 2001, 9:15 pm, 59˚F, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas. Lang Elliott.
• Several males. March 22, 2001, 10 pm, 59˚F, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas. Lang Elliott.
19. Boreal Chorus Frog — Pseudacris maculata
• Two males alternating calls. May 4, 1993, 11:57 pm, 45˚F, Riding Mountain National Park, Manitoba. Lang Elliott.
• Chorus. May 30, 1993, Riding Mountain National Park, Manitoba. Lang Elliott.
20. Southern Chorus Frog — Pseudacris nigrita
• Small chorus. March 14, 2001, 62˚F, Fort Stewart, Georgia. Lang Elliott.
• Closeup of warm male. May 8, 1997, 9:30 pm, about 78˚F, Everglades National Park, Florida. Lang Elliott.
21. Brimley’s Chorus Frog — Pseudacris brimleyi
• Two males alternating calls. March 11, 2001, 3 am, 43˚F, near Maysville, North Carolina. Lang Elliott
• Two males alternating calls. March 12, 2001, 1 am, 61˚F, near Maysville, North Carolina. Lang Elliott.
22. Mountain Chorus Frog — Pseudacris brachyphona
• Closeup of male. April 18, 2003, 8 pm, 61˚F, Big South Fork National Recreation Area, Tennessee. Lang Elliott
• Small chorus. May 1, 1996, 9:30 pm, near Marietta, Ohio. Lang Elliott.
• Two males alternating calls. April 17, 2003, 9 pm, 60˚F, Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
23. Spotted Chorus Frog — Pseudacris clarkii
• Closeup of male. April 15, 2001, 1 am, 66˚F, Waurika Wildlife Management Area, east of Walters, Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
• Two males alternating calls. April 15, 2001, 1:30 am 66˚F, Waurika Wildlife Management Area, east of Walters, Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
• Small chorus. April 7, 2001, 11 pm, 52˚F, east of Silverton, Texas. Lang Elliott.
24. Pacific Chorus Frog — Pseudacris regilla
• Typical two-parted call of male. May 22, 1994, 47˚F, San Bernardino National Forest, Riverside County, California. Carlos Davidson.
• One-syllable call variant. April 12, 1991, 66˚F, Cotati, Sonoma County, California. Philip. T. Northern
• Calls of cold males. March 7, 2002, 45˚F, near Corvallis, Oregon. Carl Gerhardt.
• Dry land call. January 23, 1994, 60˚F, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Barbara Co., California. Carlos Davidson.
• Dry land call. No recording data available. British Columbia. John Neville.
25. California Chorus Frog — Pseudacris cadaverina
• Two males alternating calls, with aggressive call. April 11, 2007, 61˚F. Santa Margarita Ecological Preserve, Deluz, California. Carl Gerhardt.
• Aggressive calls. April 11, 2007, 61˚F. Santa Margarita Ecological Preserve, Deluz, California. Carl Gerhardt.
Acris — Cricket Frogs
26. Northern Cricket Frog — Acris crepitans
• Call sequence of close male. May 12, 2001, 65˚F, 11:30 pm, Lost Maples State Natural Area, near Vanderpool, Texas. Lang Elliott.
• Small group. May 28, 1988, 10:30 pm, 65˚F, Mingo National Wildlife Refuge, near Puxico, Missouri. Lang Elliott.
• Large chorus. May 1, 1991, 9:30 pm, Land Between the Lakes, Kentucky. Lang Elliott. American Toad
27. Southern Cricket Frog — Acris gryllus
• Call sequence of close male. April 27, 2005, 9:15pm, 69˚F, St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge, near Newport, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Small group; one close male. July 11, 1989, 12:25 am, Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge, South Carolina. Lang Elliott.
• Large chorus. April 28, 1994, 11:50 pm, 70˚F, Appalachicola National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
Osteopilus — West Indian Treefrogs
28. Cuban Treefrog—Osteopilus septentrionalis
• Several males; one close. May 2, 1994, 2:30 am, 79˚F, Everglades National Park, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Large chorus. May 2, 1994, 2:15 am, 79˚F, Everglades National Park, Florida. Lang Elliott.
Smilisca — Mexican Treefrogs
29. Lowland Burrowing Treefrog — Smilisca fodiens
• Two males alternating calls. August 5, 2003. Vekol Valley, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
• Small chorus with alternating calls. August 5, 2003. Vekol Valley, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
30. Mexican Treefrog — Smilisca baudinii
• One male calling. September 9, 1957, near Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico. Charles Bogert (Smithsonian Folkways).
• Small chorus. Near Lake Catamaco, Veracruz, Mexico. Ernest P. Edwards (Macaulay Library).
True Toads — Bufonidae
Bufo — True Toads
31. American Toad — Bufo americanus
• Trills of two close males. May 18, 1989, 11 pm, 64˚F, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Release calls of handheld male. May 18, 1989, 10 pm, 64˚F, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
32. Fowler’s Toad — Bufo fowleri
• Calls of lone male. May 14, 2001, 10 pm, 68˚F, Land Between the Lakes, Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
• Calls of male. May 14, 2001, 10:15 pm, 68˚F, Land Between the Lakes, Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
• Chorus. May 30, 1991, 10 pm, Land Between the Lakes, Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
33. Woodhouse’s Toad — Bufo woodhousii
• Calls of several males; one close. May 11, 1993, 11 pm, Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Unit, North Dakota. Lang Elliott.
34. Southern Toad — Bufo terrestris
• Small group. May 3, 1992, 11:40 pm, Osceola National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Large chorus. May 31, 1994, 1:09 am, 72˚F, Appalachicola National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
35. Oak Toad — Bufo quercicus
• Calls of close male. June 1, 1994, 7:45 pm, 77˚F, Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Small group. May 1, 1994, 7:50 pm, 77˚F, Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida. Lang Elliott.
36. Coastal Plain Toad — Bufo nebulifer
• Calls of close male. April 1, 2001, 2 am, 66˚F, Beuscher State Park, near Bastrop, Texas. Lang Elliott.
• Small group. April 2, 2001, 67˚F, Beuscher State Park near Bastrop, Texas. Lang Elliott
37. Texas Toad — Bufo speciosus
• Calls of close male. April 15, 2001, 4:30 am, 63˚F, Hackberry Flat Wildlife Management area, near Frederick, Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
• Release calls of captured male. April 17, 2001, Hackberry Flat Wildlife Management Area, near Frederick, Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
38. Houston Toad — Bufo houstonensis
• Calls of two males. April 23, 2001, 2:30 am, 60F, Bastrop State Park, near Bastrop, Texas. Lang Elliott.
39. Cane Toad — Bufo marinus
• Several males; one close. July, 1983. South Miami, Florida. Marc Hayes.
• Calls of single male. July 11, 1994, 9 pm, Gamboa, Panama. Erik D. Lindquist (Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics).
40. Great Plains Toad — Bufo cognatus
• Call of one male. May 5, 2001 2 am, 62˚F, Hackberry Flat Wildlife Management Area, near Frederick, Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
• Call of one male. April 21, 2001, 11 pm, 60˚F, Franklin Bottoms, near Booneville, Missouri. Lang Elliott.
41. Canadian Toad — Bufo hemiophrys
• Call of single male. Early June, 10 pm, 45˚F, Wood Buffalo National Park, Alberta, Canada. John Neville.
• Several males calling. No recording data available. Alberta. Barb Beck.
42. Wyoming Toad — Bufo baxteri
• Calls of one male. May 15, 1989, 11:30 pm, 66˚F, Mortenson Lake, Adams Co., Wyoming. Greg Hallen and Don R. Miller.
43. Red-spotted Toad — Bufo punctatus
• Calls of one male. May 9, 2001, 11 pm, 63˚F, Lost Maples State Natural Area, near Vanderpool, Texas. Lang Elliott.
44. Green Toad — Bufo debilis
• Small chorus; one male close. August 8, 2003, 74˚F, near McNeal, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
45. Sonoran Green Toad — Bufo retiformis
• Calls of one male. August 5, 2003. Vekol Valley, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
46. Sonoran Desert Toad — Bufo alvarius
• Small chorus; one male close. August 24, 1992, 79˚F, Sullivan Skunk Creek, Maricopa Co., Arizona. Brian K. Sullivan.
47. Arizona Toad — Bufo microscaphus
• Small chorus; one male close. March 4, 1994, 60˚F, Hassayampa River, near Wickenberg, Arizona. Brian K. Sullivan.
48. Western Toad — Bufo boreas
• Two males calling (B. b. boreas). No recording data available. Alberta. Barb Beck.
• Call series of one male (B. b. boreas). No recording data available. Alberta. Barb Beck.
• Calls of one male (B. b. halophilus). May 24, 1973, 72˚F, Cleveland National Forest, near Descanso, California. Frank T. Awbrey.
49. Amargosa Toad — Bufo nelsoni
• Release calls of captive male. March 28, 1995. Recorded in laboratory at the University of Nevada. Gregory F. Budney and Karin Hoff (Macaulay Library).
0. Black Toad — Bufo exsul
• Small group giving release calls. March 28, 1978. Corral Springs, Deep Springs Valley, Inyo, California. Cynthia Kagarise Sherman.
51. Arroyo Toad — Bufo californicus
• Small chorus; two males close. May 20, 1994. 66˚F. Los Padres National Forest, Santa Barbara Co., California. Carlos Davidson.
• Release calls of hand held individual. May 20, 1994. 66˚F. Los Padres National Forest, Santa Barbara Co., California. Carlos Davidson.
52. Yosemite Toad — Bufo canorus
• Small chorus; one male close. May 3, 1977. 70˚F. Inyo National Forest, Mono Co., California. Cynthia Kagarise Sherman.
• Small chorus. May 3, 1977. 70˚F. Inyo National Forest, Mono Co., California. Cynthia Kagarise Sherman.
True Frogs — Ranidae
Rana — True Frogs
53. Bullfrog — Rana catesbeiana
• Small chorus. May 7, 1989, 3 am, Michigan Hollow, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Aggressive spit calls. April 20, 1989, 9 pm, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas. Lang Elliott.
• Alarm squeaks and splashes. September 2, 1994. 75˚F. Point Reyes National Seashore, Marin Co., California. Carlos Davidson and Cynthia Kaufman.
54. Green Frog — Rana clamitans
• Small chorus. July 28, 1988, 3 am, 70˚F, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Stuttered calls of male. May 27, 1987. Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Typical calls of Bronze Frog subspecies. May 7, 2001, 11:30 pm, 80˚F, Eglin Air Force Base, near Crestview, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Alarm squeaks and splashes. September 15, 1991, 6:30 pm, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
55. Pig Frog — Rana grylio
• Small chorus; one male close. April 22, 1989, 1 am, Sabine National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana. Lang Elliott.
• Chorus. May 11, 1994, 11 pm, Okeefenokee National Wildlife Refuge, Georgia. Lang Elliott.
• Aggressive spit calls. April 26, 1989, 8:30 pm, 75˚F, St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Distress calls of handheld individual. May 12, 1994, 5:30 am, Okeefenokee National Wildlife Refuge, Georgia. Lang Elliott.
56. Mink Frog — Rana septentrionalis
• Small chorus; one male close. May 24, 1989, 3 am, Adirondack Mountains, near Loon Lake, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Large chorus. July 4, 1991. 3 am. Adirondack Mountains, near Paul Smiths, New York. Lang Elliott.
57. Wood Frog — Rana sylvatica
• Small chorus. March 30, 1988, 11:30 pm, 35F˚, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
• Large chorus. April 1, 2004, 12:30 am, 42˚F, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
58. Carpenter Frog — Rana virgatipes
• Small chorus; one male close. March 30, 1989, 9:45 pm 67˚F, Cheraw State Park, Cheraw, South Carolina. Lang Elliott.
• Chorus. May 3, 1996. Wharton State Forest, New Jersey Pine Barrens, New Jersey. Ted Mack.
59. Florida Bog Frog — Rana okaloosae
• Two males interacting. June 7, 2001, 12:30 am, 75˚F, Eglin Air Force Base, near Crestview, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Calls of one male. May 1, 1992, 11:30 pm, 58˚F, Eglin Air Force Base, near Crestview, Florida. Lang Elliott.
60. River Frog — Rana heckscheri
• Small chorus ; one male close. May 7, 1994, 1:30 am, 76˚F, Osceola National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
61. Crawfish Frog— Rana areolata
• Small chorus. March 23, 2007, 8:20 pm, 60˚F, Caldwell Co., Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
• Large chorus. March 21, 2007, 10 pm, 62˚F, Caldwell Co., Kentucky. Lang Elliott.
62. Gopher Frog—Rana capito
• Two males calling . February 20, 1998. Okaloosa County, Florida. John Jensen and Lee Andrews.
• Small chorus. February 21, 1975, Putnam County, Florida. David Lee, Florida Museum of Natural History.
63. Dusky Gopher Frog — Rana sevosa
• Small chorus. March 8, 1988. Desoto National Forest, Harrison Co., Mississippi. Rich Siegel and Steve Richter.
64. Pickerel Frog — Rana palustris
• Small chorus. April 22, 2006, 12:30 am, 58˚F, near Staunton, Virginia. Lang Elliott.
• Staccato note, snores, and garbled call of male. April 27, 1990, 11 pm, Connecticut Hill Wildlife Management Area, near Ithaca, New York. Lang Elliott.
65. Northern Leopard Frog — Rana pipiens
• Snores and grunts of close male. April 29, 2001. 11:30 p, 69˚F, Mile Lac State Wildlife Management Area, near Milaca, Minnesota. Lang Elliott.
66. Southern Leopard Frog — Rana sphenocephala
• Two males alternating calls. March 4, 1989, 4:30 am, DeSoto National Forest, Mississippi. Lang Elliott.
• Small chorus; one male close. May 5, 1994, 1:30 am, 76˚F, Kissimmee Prairie Audubon Reserve,near Basinger Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Excited chorus. May 3, 2001, 2:45 am, 75˚F, Appalachicola National Forest, near Crawfordsville, Florida. Lang Elliott.
67. Plains Leopard Frog — Rana blairi
• Small chorus; one male close. May 24, 1994, 10 pm, 72˚F, Quivira National Wildlife Refuge, Kansas. Lang Elliott.
• Small chorus. April 26, 2001, 11 pm, 65˚F, near Overbrook, Kansas. Lang Elliott with Keith Coleman.
68. Rio Grande Leopard Frog — Rana berlandieri
• Intermittent calls of male. May 12, 2001, 11:30 pm, 65˚F, Lost Maples State Natural Area, near Vanderpool, Texas. Lang Elliott.
• Small chorus. May 11, 2001, 1:17 am, 71˚F, Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, near Artesia Wells, Texas. Lang Elliott.
69. Relict Leopard Frog — Rana onca
• Chuckles and scrapes of male. February 28, 1992, 66˚F, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Clark Co., Nevada. Randy Jennings.
70. Chiricahua Leopard Frog — Rana chiricahuensis
• Scrapes and chucks of single male. July 13, 2003, 61˚F, Three Forks, Navajo Co., Arizona. Carl Gerhardt
• Small chorus. August 19, 1994, 8:20 pm, 56˚F, White Mountains, Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, Apache Co., Arizona. Carlos Davidson.
71. Lowland Leopard Frog — Rana yavapaiensis
• Chorus. May 20, 2002, 70F (water), Muleshoe Ranch in the Galiuro Mountains, Cochise Co., Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
72. Tarahumara Frog — Rana tarahumarae
• Several individuals at an artificial breeding tank. July 24, 2007, Castle Dome Mountains, Yuma Co., Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
73. Cascades Frog — Rana cascadae
• Chuckles of single male. July 7, 2006, 2 pm, 70˚F, Mt. Ranier National Park, Washington, Gary Nafis.
• Chatter and other calls given during encounter between two males. July 7, 2006, 2 pm, 70˚F, Mt. Ranier National Park, Washington, Gary Nafis.
• Excited calls of two males. March 9, 1968, 54˚F, Bear Creek, Jefferson Co., Oregon. Jeffrey L. Briggs.
74. Northern Red-legged Frog — Rana aurora
• Males calling at surface of water. February 29, 1992, 68˚F, Fresh Water Lagoon, Del Norte Co., California. Alejandro Purge.
• Underwater calls. February 7, 2006, 3:30 pm, 50˚F, Lewis County, Washington. Gary Nafis.
75. California Red-legged Frog — Rana draytonii
• Small chorus. March 2, 2007. Morgan Territory Regional Preserve, Contra Costa Co., California. Carlos Davidson.
• Chuckles and grunts of male. January 31, 2007. Calavera Creek, near Pacifica, California. Carlos Davidson.
76. Oregon Spotted Frog — Rana pretiosa
• Call series of male. Feruary 24, 2006, 2:30 pm, 45˚F, Thurston Co., Washington. Gary Nafis.
77. Columbia Spotted Frog — Rana luteiventris
• Call series of male. Eastern Washington. Get more data? Martyn Stewart.
• Call series of male April 25, 1994, 54˚F, Okanogan National Forest, Okanogan Co., near Winthrop, Washington. Jonathon Storm.
78. Foothill Yellow-legged Frog — Rana boylii
• Calls of one male and soft squeaks of another. May 7, 1993, 59F˚, Pepperwood Ranch, Sonoma Co., California. Tim C. Ziesmer.
• Underwater calls. June 26, 11 pm, 78˚F, Linn County, Oregon. Gary Nafis.
• Underwater calls. June 27, 78˚F, Linn County, Oregon. Gary Nafis.
79. Sierra Madre Yellow-legged Frog — Rana muscosa
• Calls of male . May 24, 1994, 65˚F, Hall Research Natural Area, San Bernardino National Forest, Riverside Co., California. Tim C. Ziesmer.
80. Sierra Nevada Yellow-legged Frog — Rana sierrae
• Calls of one male. July 1, 2006, 12:30 pm, near Ebbet’s pass, Alpine County, California. Gary Nafis.
• Underwater calls. May 14, 1993, 65˚F, Summit Meadow, Yosemite National Park, California.Tim C. Ziesmer.
North American Spadefoots — Scaphiopodidae
Scaphiopus — Southern Spadefoots
81. Eastern Spadefoot — Scaphiopus holbrookii
• Small chorus; one male close. March 12, 1973. Scott County, Missouri. Carl Gerhardt.
• Large chorus. March 5, 2003, 9 pm, near Herndon, Jenkins Co., Georgia. Walt Knapp.
82. Hurter’s Spadefoot — Scaphiopus hurterii
• Two males calling; one very close. April 1, 2001, 3 am, 66˚F, Beuscher State Park, near Bastrop, Texas. Lang Elliott.
• Chorus. April 1, 2001, 2:30 am, 66˚F, Beuscher State Park, near Bastrop, Texas. Lang Elliott.
83. Couch’s Spadefoot — Scaphiopus couchii
• Several males calling. May 5, 2001, 12:30 am, 64˚F, near Grandfield, Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
Spea—Western Spadefoots
84. Plains Spadefoot — Spea bombifrons
• Calls of one male. May 5, 2001, 2:30 am, 62˚F, Hackberry Flat Wildlife Management Area, near Frederick Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
• Two males alternating calls. May 5, 2001, 3 am, 62˚F, Hackberry Flat Wildlife Management Area, near Frederick Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
• Release calls of handheld male. April 21, 2001, 70˚F, Franklin Bottoms, near Booneville, Missouri. Lang Elliott.
85. Great Basin Spadefoot — Spea intermontana
• Chorus. April 29, 1968, 11:05 pm, 49˚F, Veyo, Washington Co., Utah. Philip T. Northern.
86. New Mexico Spadefoot — Spea multiplicata
• Two males alternating calls. 2003, near Heber, Arizona. Carl Gerhardt.
• Three males calling. August 23, 1994, 66˚F, near Portal, Cochise Co., Arizona. Carlos Davidson.
87. Western Spadefoot — Spea hammondi
• Two males calling; one very close. March 12, 1995, 9:15 pm, Coral Hollow, Alameda Co., California. Carlos Davidson.
• Small chorus. March 12, 1995, 9:45 pm, Coral Hollow, Alameda Co., California. Carlos Davidson.
Microhylid Frogs & Toads — Microhylidae
Gastrophryne — North American Narrowmouth Toads
88. Eastern Narrowmouth Toad — Gastrophryne carolinensis
• Several males calling. July 23, 1973, Chatham Co., Georgia. Carl Gerhardt.
• Small chorus, with aggressive calls at end. May 30, 1994, 10 pm, 72˚F, Appalachicola National Forest, Florida. Lang Elliott.
89. Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad — Gastrophryne olivacea
• Small chorus. May 6, 2001, 11pm, 64˚F, next to Wichita Mountains National Wildlife Refuge, near Lawton, Oklahoma. Lang Elliott.
Hypopachus — Sheep Frogs
90. Sheep Frog — Hypopachus variolosus
• Calls of one male. June 8, 2004. 70˚F, near Guadalajara, Mexico. Carl Gerhardt. Tropical Frogs and Toads
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Leptodacylidae
Eleutherodactylus —Rain Frogs
91. Greenhouse Frog — Eleutherodactylus planirostris
• Calls of one male. May 7, 1994, 8:38 am, Alexander Springs Creek Wilderness Area, near Altoona, Florida. Lang Elliott.
• Several males calling; one close. Masy 13, 1994, 5 am, Everglades National Park, Florida, Ted Mack.
92. Puerto Rican Coqui — Eletherodactylus coqui
• Chorus; one male very close. April 28, 1988, Puerto Rico. Theodore A. Parker, III. Macaulay Library.
• Chorus; one male close. February 11, 2004, 11:30 pm, Kalopa Forest Reserve, Big Island, Hawaii. John Hartog.
93. Cliff Chirping Frog — Eletherodactylus marnockii
• Chirps and trills of male. April 5, 2001, 11 pm, 65˚F, Lost Maples State Natural Area, near Vanderpool, Texas. Lang Elliott
94. Spotted Chirping Frog — Eleutherodactylus guttilatus
• Chirps and trills of one male. July 29, 2001, near Alpine,Texas. Eric Wallace
.
95. Rio Grande Chirping Frog — Eletherodactylus cystignathoides
• Chirps and trills of one male. July 26, 2001, 1 am, 84˚F, Houston,Texas. Eric Wallace.
Craugastor — Robber Frogs
96. Barking Frog — Craugastor augusti
• Calls of one male. April 4, 2001, 9 pm, 72˚F, Lost Maples State Natural Area, near Vanderpool, Texas. Lang Elliott.
• Two males interacting. April 4, 2001, 9:45 pm, 70˚F, Lost Maples State Natural Area, near Vanderpool, Texas. Lang Elliott.
Leptodactylus — Neotropical Grass Frogs
97. White-lipped Frog — Leptodactylus fragilis
• Two males alternating calls; one very close. May 14, 1996, 9:17 pm, Panama Canal Zone, Panama. Erik D. Lindquist (Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics).
Tailed Frogs—Ascaphidae
Ascaphus — Tailed Frogs
98a. Rocky Mountain Tailed Frog — Ascaphus montanus
• No recording; this species does not vocalize.
98b. Pacific Tailed Frog — Ascaphus truei
• No recording; this species does not vocalize.
Burrowing Toads — Rhinophrynidae
Rhinophrynus — Burrowing Toads
99a. Mexican Burrowing Toad — Rhinophrynus dorsalis
• Calls of one male. No Data. W. Frank Blair? Texas Natural Science Center.
Tongueless Frogs — Pipidae
Xenopus — Clawed Frogs
99b. African Clawed Frog — Xenopus laevis
• One male calling underwater. January 25, 1994 Recorded at the laboratory of John Gerhart, University of California, Berkeley. Carlos Davidson.
